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Prenuptial Agreements: A Comprehensive Guide for All Couples

Learn everything you need to know about prenuptial agreements, how they protect your assets, and why they're valuable for couples with children, young couples, blended families, and those with significant assets.

Introduction

A prenuptial agreement (commonly called a 'prenup') is a legal contract created by two people before they marry that typically outlines how assets and debts will be divided in the event of divorce or death. While often associated with wealthy individuals protecting their fortunes, prenups serve many practical purposes for couples across various life situations. This document can help clarify financial rights and responsibilities, protect family businesses, shield one spouse from the other's debts, and establish clear guidelines for property division. Whether you're entering marriage with children from previous relationships, significant assets, or simply want clarity about your financial future together, understanding prenuptial agreements is an important step in building a secure foundation for your marriage.

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Key Things to Know

  1. 1

    Prenuptial agreements must be executed well before the wedding (at least 30 days is recommended) to avoid claims of coercion or duress.

  2. 2

    Both parties must provide complete and honest financial disclosure for the agreement to be valid.

  3. 3

    Each person should have their own independent legal counsel review the agreement before signing.

  4. 4

    Prenups cannot determine child custody or child support amounts, as these must be decided based on the best interests of the child at the time of divorce.

  5. 5

    The agreement should be reviewed and potentially updated after major life events such as the birth of children, significant inheritance, or substantial changes in financial circumstances.

  6. 6

    State laws vary regarding prenuptial agreements, so it's essential to work with an attorney familiar with the laws in your jurisdiction.

  7. 7

    A well-crafted prenup promotes financial transparency and communication, which can strengthen your relationship rather than undermine it.

  8. 8

    For blended families, a prenuptial agreement should work in conjunction with your estate plan to ensure children from previous relationships are protected.

Key decisions before you file

Before you file a Prenuptial Agreement in South Carolina, a few decisions shape the document: which option to choose and what each one means. The Prenuptial Agreement guide walks through them.

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South Carolina Requirements for Prenuptial Agreement

  • Voluntary Execution (S.C. Code Ann. § 20-3-630)

    Both parties must enter into the agreement voluntarily, without duress, coercion, or undue influence. South Carolina courts will scrutinize prenuptial agreements for evidence of involuntary execution.

  • Full and Fair Disclosure (Hardee v. Hardee, 355 S.C. 382 (2003))

    Each party must provide full and fair disclosure of their financial assets, liabilities, and income prior to execution of the agreement. Failure to disclose material information may render the agreement unenforceable.

  • Independent Legal Representation (Moseley v. Mosier, 279 S.C. 348 (1983))

    Each party should have the opportunity to consult with independent legal counsel before signing the agreement. While not absolutely required, lack of independent representation may be a factor in determining enforceability.

  • Unconscionability Prohibition (S.C. Code Ann. § 62-2-204)

    The agreement must not be unconscionable at the time of execution. Courts may refuse to enforce provisions that are grossly unfair or one-sided.

  • Marital Property Definition (S.C. Code Ann. § 20-3-630)

    Clear identification of what constitutes marital property versus separate property under South Carolina law, which generally defines marital property as all property acquired during the marriage.

  • Equitable Distribution Principles (S.C. Code Ann. § 20-3-620)

    Acknowledgment that South Carolina follows equitable distribution principles for property division in divorce, which the prenuptial agreement may modify by agreement.

  • Alimony Provisions (S.C. Code Ann. § 20-3-130)

    Provisions regarding waiver or limitation of alimony must be reasonable and not violate public policy. South Carolina courts may scrutinize such provisions closely.

  • Child Support Limitations (S.C. Code Ann. § 63-17-310)

    Recognition that provisions attempting to limit or waive child support obligations are unenforceable under South Carolina law, as the right to support belongs to the child, not the parents.

  • Child Custody Limitations (S.C. Code Ann. § 63-15-230)

    Acknowledgment that provisions regarding child custody and visitation cannot bind the court, as custody determinations must be based on the best interests of the child at the time of divorce.

  • Estate Planning Coordination (S.C. Code Ann. § 62-2-201)

    Provisions ensuring the prenuptial agreement coordinates with estate planning documents and South Carolina probate law, including elective share rights.

  • Sunset Provisions (S.C. Code Ann. § 62-2-204)

    Optional clauses that specify the agreement's expiration or modification after a certain period of marriage, which must comply with South Carolina contract law principles.

  • Choice of Law (Bannister v. Shepherd, 191 S.C. 165 (1939))

    Specification of which state's law will govern the agreement, particularly important if the couple may relocate from South Carolina. The chosen law must have a reasonable relationship to the parties or the agreement.

  • Modification Requirements (S.C. Code Ann. § 62-2-204)

    Clear procedures for modifying the agreement after marriage, which under South Carolina law typically requires a written instrument signed by both parties.

  • Severability Clause (S.C. Code Ann. § 62-2-204)

    Provision stating that if any portion of the agreement is found unenforceable, the remainder of the agreement will still be valid and enforceable to the extent permitted by South Carolina law.

  • Federal Tax Considerations (26 U.S.C. § 2523)

    Acknowledgment of federal tax implications of property transfers and divisions pursuant to the agreement, including potential gift tax consequences.

  • ERISA Compliance (29 U.S.C. § 1055)

    Provisions affecting retirement accounts must comply with the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, which may require specific waivers and acknowledgments.

  • Bankruptcy Protection (11 U.S.C. § 523)

    Provisions addressing the potential impact of federal bankruptcy law on the enforceability of certain aspects of the agreement, particularly property transfers.

  • Military Benefits Consideration (10 U.S.C. § 1408)

    For military couples, provisions addressing the Uniformed Services Former Spouses' Protection Act regarding military retirement benefits and their division.

  • Social Security Benefits (42 U.S.C. § 402)

    Recognition that federal law governs Social Security benefits, which cannot be altered by a prenuptial agreement, including potential spousal benefits after 10 years of marriage.

  • Execution Formalities (S.C. Code Ann. § 62-2-204)

    Compliance with South Carolina's formal requirements for valid contracts, including proper signatures, witnesses if required, and potentially notarization for certain provisions.

Frequently Asked Questions

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